HTML Web Worker API is a JavaScript code that runs in the background and does not affect the page performance.
Web Workers
When the <script> or JavaScript code executes then only the page become responsive. A web worker runs in the background independent of the other script without affecting the page performance. Web workers make the page more alive and responsive, it makes sure that a specific JavaScript code gets executed according to the user interaction. To create a worker, we use the
Worker()
constructor and pass a JavaScript file to it. That JavaScript file contains the main code that will run in the background.
Example
Make a counter using worker:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Counter: <output id="result"></output></p>
<button onclick="start()">Start </button>
<button onclick="stop()">Stop </button>
<script>
var w;
function start()
{
if(typeof(Worker) !== "undefined") {
if(typeof(w) == "undefined")
{
w = new Worker("counter.js");
}
w.onmessage = function(event)
{
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML = event.data;
};
}
else {
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML =
"Browser Does not Support";
}
}
function stop() {
w.terminate();
w = undefined;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
#counter.js
var i = 0;
function timedCount() {
i = i + 1;
postMessage(i);
setTimeout("timedCount()",500);
}
timedCount();
<Note>: Before we create a web worker, we should check whether the browser supports it or not.
Create a Web Worker Object:
To create a web worker object, we use the
Worker()
constructor and specify the JavaScript file as a parameter for the thread execution.
w= new Worker("counter.js");
The
counter.js
file contains the code which will process in the background.
var i = 0;
function timedCount() {
i = i + 1;
postMessage(i);
setTimeout("timedCount()",500);
}
timedCount();
Terminate
The web worker object keeps listing the message until it gets terminated. To terminate the worker, we use the terminate() method.
function stop()
{ w.terminate();
w = undefined;
}
Summary
- Web worker is a JavaScript code that runs at the background.
- Web workers are external files so they can not access the window, document and parent objects.
- It is necessary to terminate the worker object.
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